通(tong)过(guo)机械研磨(mo)(mo)(mo)、切削等(deng)(deng)方式(shi)改变表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)态，侧重提升光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)洁度或(huo)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)特定纹(wen)(wen)(wen)理(li)(li)。 抛光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li) 原理(li)(li)：利用(yong)(yong)抛光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)轮、砂(sha)纸或(huo)研磨(mo)(mo)(mo)膏对(dui)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)进行摩擦，去除(chu)(chu)细(xi)(xi)微(wei)瑕(xia)疵，提高(gao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)洁度。 常(chang)见(jian)类(lei)型： 粗抛光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)：去除(chu)(chu)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)氧(yang)(yang)化皮、划(hua)(hua)痕(hen)(hen)等(deng)(deng)，为后续(xu)精抛光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)做准备。 精抛光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)（镜面(mian)(mian)(mian)抛光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)）：通(tong)过(guo)多(duo)层(ceng)(ceng)细(xi)(xi)粒(li)度研磨(mo)(mo)(mo)，使(shi)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)粗糙度极低(di)（Ra≤0.02μm），呈现(xian)类(lei)似镜面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)反光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)效(xiao)果，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)高(gao)端装饰、医疗器械、厨具等(deng)(deng)。 特点(dian)：表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)亮平(ping)整(zheng)，易(yi)清洁，但对(dui)基材平(ping)整(zheng)度要求高(gao)，成(cheng)(cheng)本较高(gao)。 拉(la)丝处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)（磨(mo)(mo)(mo)砂(sha)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)） 原理(li)(li)：用(yong)(yong)砂(sha)纸或(huo)拉(la)丝机沿(yan)单一方向(xiang)（直(zhi)纹(wen)(wen)(wen)）或(huo)交(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)方向(xiang)（乱纹(wen)(wen)(wen)）研磨(mo)(mo)(mo)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)均匀的(de)丝状(zhuang)纹(wen)(wen)(wen)理(li)(li)。 常(chang)见(jian)类(lei)型： 直(zhi)纹(wen)(wen)(wen)拉(la)丝：纹(wen)(wen)(wen)理(li)(li)呈直(zhi)线(xian)状(zhuang)，简洁大方，适(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)电(dian)梯(ti)面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)、家电(dian)外(wai)壳(qiao)。 乱纹(wen)(wen)(wen)拉(la)丝：纹(wen)(wen)(wen)理(li)(li)无规(gui)则(ze)交(jiao)(jiao)叉(cha)，隐(yin)蔽划(hua)(hua)痕(hen)(hen)能(neng)力强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)不锈钢门、装饰板(ban)。 雪花(hua)砂(sha)拉(la)丝：通(tong)过(guo)更细(xi)(xi)的(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)料形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)细(xi)(xi)腻的(de)点(dian)状(zhuang)纹(wen)(wen)(wen)理(li)(li)，质感柔和(he)。 特点(dian)：表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)防(fang)滑(hua)、耐磨(mo)(mo)(mo)损，能(neng)掩盖(gai)轻微(wei)划(hua)(hua)痕(hen)(hen)，适(shi)用(yong)(yong)性(xing)(xing)广，成(cheng)(cheng)本适(shi)中。 喷砂(sha)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li) 原理(li)(li)：用(yong)(yong)压(ya)缩空气将磨(mo)(mo)(mo)料（如石英砂(sha)、氧(yang)(yang)化铝）高(gao)速喷射(she)到(dao)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)，通(tong)过(guo)冲(chong)击形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)均匀的(de)粗糙面(mian)(mian)(mian)。 特点(dian)：表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)呈哑光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)砂(sha)质感，防(fang)滑(hua)性(xing)(xing)好，能(neng)增(zeng)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)涂层(ceng)(ceng)或(huo)镀层(ceng)(ceng)的(de)附着力，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)户外(wai)装饰、工业(ye)设(she)备外(wai)壳(qiao)。 压(ya)花(hua)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li) 原理(li)(li)：通(tong)过(guo)带有花(hua)纹(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)模(mo)具对(dui)钢板(ban)进行轧(ya)制或(huo)冲(chong)压(ya)，使(shi)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)凹凸不平(ping)的(de)花(hua)纹(wen)(wen)(wen)（如菱形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、圆点(dian)、条纹(wen)(wen)(wen)等(deng)(deng)）。 常(chang)见(jian)花(hua)纹(wen)(wen)(wen)：米粒(li)纹(wen)(wen)(wen)、荔枝纹(wen)(wen)(wen)、菱形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)纹(wen)(wen)(wen)等(deng)(deng)。 特点(dian)：增(zeng)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)摩擦力，兼具装饰性(xing)(xing)和(he)功能(neng)性(xing)(xing)，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)防(fang)滑(hua)地板(ban)、电(dian)梯(ti)轿厢、厨具面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)。